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Don's Lighting Info Center! Don Klipstein's Lighting Info Site!Last updated 11/26/2008Look here for helpful hints and lighting related info that you might finduseful or at least interesting.The most efficient and brightest LEDs and where to getthem! (updated 11/26/2008)The most efficient colored LEDs have overal luminous efficacy of approx.53-60 lumens/watt. The most efficient white LEDs get around 64-96 lumens/watt.Many really good ones still only achieve about 25-45 lumens/watt.For comparison:USA usual 100W "A19" incandescent - 17.1 lumens/watt.Compact fluorescents - mostly 45-60 lumens/watt including ballast losses.32 watt T8 fluorescent in "average condition" - typically around 80lumens/watt including ballast losses.My LED top page, with links to manufacturers, etc.Updated 11/11/2008.My page explaining where some big claims of LED efficiencycome from, including applications where they actually are a lot moreefficient than incandescent lamps despite most (but now not all) white LEDshaving efficiency not really greatly greater than that of better incandescentlamps. (updated 7/22/2008)The Great Internet Light Bulb Book, Part I -Incandescent and Halogen LampsAn FAQ style "encyclopedia" with answers to most of your questions and other interesting and possibly helpful information.(Last major change April 1996, minor change 5/29/2006)Compact Fluorescent Lamps - RESTRUCTURED 1/3/2004 - please see my Compact Fluorescent "Top Page" for links to mycompact fluorescent pages. A new page (in addition to the "top page") wasadded 11/19/2007, linked from a link here, and no pages were removed.Updated 8/18/2008.The upcoming USA federal incandescent lightbulb ban of2012/2014-Including the vast wide range of exemptions.(New file 8/24/2008)Colors and spectral characteristics of fluorescent lamps.Includes descriptions of colored, specialty, actinic, aquarium, andultraviolet fluorescent lamps, as well as white and nearly-white ones.(updated slightly 12/6/2006, link therefrom known to be updated 12/16/2006and expected to have some further updating shortly after that time.)The Discharge Lamp Article (Great InternetLight Bulb Book, Part II - Discharge Lamps, Volume I - Basic Info) is now here.Lots of useful information about mercury, sodium, and metal halide lamps aswell as "neon" signs and tubing is already here.(update 12/28/99 V. 1.34) (long, 54K)Some more technical discharge lamp info including referencesis here! (Possibly A.K.A. The G.I.L.B.B, Part II, Volume II.) First writtenMay 23, 1996 and nowhere nearly complete. Check this out every few months.(Expanded slightly 8/19/2002)(28K)Some bits of data and facts on some lamps andlighting, mostly but not entirely moderately technical, such asincandescent lightbulbs lasting a century, where to buy these, lowerenergy efficiency of longlife incandescents, and why higher wattageincandescents are more efficient and why lower wattage incandescents areoften made to last longer. New file 12/24/2006, updated 7/10/2008.Some bits of data and facts on some lamps andlighting, more technical, such as bulb surface temperatures, fixtureheating, and number of lumens in a watt of white light. New file12/21/2006.The Sulfur Lamp DocumentMuch of the knowledge of these amazing lamps that you will find anywhereon the web. Please drop me a lineif you wish to add anything or you think anything needs changing.(Updated 3/24/98) (25K)Lots of fluorescent lamp stuff by Sam Goldwasserand myself. Includes some info on fluorescent blacklight and other UVlamps, even fluorescent-style germicidal lamps.(slight update V. 1.90 12/26/99) (long, 99K)Dimming Fluorescent Lamps! Why it's easy to dim thema little, and why it takes a lot to dim them a lot, especially in a way thatis not hard on the bulb. Also a few loopholes.(slight update 6/67/2001)Electronic ballasts! Lots of links, especially forpowering fluorescent lamps from low voltage DC. A bit on-site, including away to power mercury lamps from low voltage DC (built and tested). Linksinclude electronic ballast stuff in general including line poweredballasts. (updated 12/11/2006)Now, a UV and UV lamp document! Includes EPROMerasing lamps and (roughly) effectiveness of alternatives. Also includesnotes on blacklights, sunlamps, and other UV lamps.(Updated slightly 5/29/2006.)Carbon arcs for fun and danger!Some basic info about carbon arcs. For information and your web readingpleasure! These have hazards, and you might not want to try this at home.(Last change 9/24/96)Short Arc Lamps - you're wondering about these?They have a small, very intense arc in mercury and/or xenon. Due to high cost,short life expectancy, hazards and often fussy operating requirements, they don'tmake good toys for casual experimenters. Some of the messy details are here!WITH MANUFACTURERS (I hope most of you don't buy!) slight update 1/18/2006Xenon flashlight lamps / bulbs and others that areactually incandescent ones with a xenon gas fill. NEW FILE10/4/2000, slight update 10/5/2000.Some odd lamps desribed here including how to makethem work. Green "neon" lamps, multicolor "neon" tubing, electroluminescentlights, and spectrum tubes are mentioned here in great detail. Look formore here in the future! (last changed slightly 4/26/2008)I have tested some night lights and lower wattage energy saving odd sortsof lights - and at times I was disappointed. Go to my Night Light Test Results Page to find out how some are less than theylead you to think that they are. (Updated 5/19/2008)Where to get lamps / lightbulbs!Get decent plain ones for less, get UV lamps and specialty ones. Info onretail chains in the USA and a few suppliers with web sites.(MAJOR UPDATE 11/9/99 - compact fluorescent torchiere lamps! Minorupdate 7/31/2005)Troubleshooting things that go wrong!Lightbulbs burn out too quickly? Fluorescent lamps acting up? Look here!(slight update 11/20/2006)My top page for all my xenon stuff such asstrobes, flashes, xenon arc lamps, strobe hacking, etc. (updated 11/13/2000)Automotive HID lamps, AKA xenon headlights, etc. Newfile 2/15/2000 updated 10/1/2000.Electrical characteristics of HID lamps forexperimenters, hackers, ballast homebrewers and basement bombers. Includesnormal operating arc voltage, minimum arc voltage during warmup, startingvoltages, and allowable warmup currents for many popular HID lamps.My discussion of low wattage HID lamps - whythere is no 5 watt or 1 watt HID lamp. (updated 10/1/2000)How long can a lightbulb last? How easily canthey be made to last longer? Why they don't? (new file 8/30/2001)Performance of incandescent lamps at variousvoltages. So far, current and light output as a function of voltage for the100 watt 120V 750 hour 1750 lumen A19 as well as current as a function ofvoltage for vacuum T12 and gas filled A19 25 watt 120V lamps. New file1/2/2006, major update 12/29/2006, minor update 12/30/2006.UPDATED PLANT-GROWING LIGHTING:New file 7/8/2008.Meanwhile, I suggest that lamps based on lithium (metal halide variationsor otherwise) might be superior, since chlorophyll A utilizes the 670.8nanometer deep red main emission of lithium very well. In general plantsprimarily utilize red wavelengths in general, but you may not want to havemore than half your red content much longer than 655 nm since only one of thetwo variants of chlorophyll utilize the longer red wavelengths (660 to 675 nmor so). Plants have a secondary requirement for blue - not absolutely neededto utilize for energy, but blue can be utilized fairly well for energy - manyplants also just don't grow right unless there is some blue light.Please read my Copyright Info and my Disclaimers.Links to other sites I consider worthwhile:A notable light bulbcollector's site at clubsilicon.com. Shows photos of a variety of lamps, even short arc and deuterium. With a link to the Modern Light BulbCollector's webring.A notablepiece of light bulb history online at the notable Kilocat's Antique Light Bulb Site,which now even has a forum!James Hooker's Online Museum of Historic Discharge LampsDaniel Stern's automotive headlightsite.JKL Lamps, a maker of miniature coldcathode fluorescent lamps and other miniature lamps.Tomi Engdahl's Lightsand Electronics Page.Philip G. has lots of stuff,much is interesting! NOTE - This site is supposedly being decommissionedand most of the info there is now available at http://www.repairfaq.org/The LightingResource has some interesting and maybe useful information, including a largelist of links to lighting related manufacturers, wholesalers, retailers, and other lighting related sites.Another good sitewith lots of links! Lots of basic and moderately advanced info.Another route to thispage.Peter Baum's incandescentand arc lamp page.Thesite of Ioannis Galidakis, with spectra stuff!TheLightbulb section of Jim Evan's home repair site.Electric Lights - the siteof a fellow light bulb nut, Chris Millinship in England.Sylvania's lighting site. Great site,with an online catalog and brief sheets of probably thousands of lamps.Philips Lighting, with an onlinecatalog.Bulbs.com.American Light, which suppliesmany kinds of specialty and custom fluorescent, mercury, and metal halidelampsThe Lighting Research Center atRensselaer Polytechnic Institute.ChrisHedemark's energy conservation page, in his rural living site.Another list of links, atMayotte Mobile Stage Lighting.Another largelist of mostly entertainment-related lighting links, in Australia.Aninteresting web page by the Lamptech.co.uk largely-an-online-museum thatin that page appears to me to promote and to be somewhat biased towardslow pressure sodium lamps. There is an interesting graph showing currentand historic maximum commercially successful lamp luminous efficacy overthe years for several different lamp technologies.The Lamptech home page.FX Lighting.The "Links" sectionof Steve Saunder's "Goldwing" site, a new site for motorcycle fans andmay be a good place to find motorcycle lighting stuff.As for references for lighting related stuff, I learned a good portion ofwhat I know from books with Library of Congress call numbers around TK4000.I appreciate feedback. Go ahead and drop mea line! I read all non-"SPAM" e-mails, but sorry I can't reply to alllegitimate e-mails!Back to Don's Home Page. |
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